Coffee

Grinding fresh roasted coffee beans is done at the roastery by using a burr mill, which employs rotating elements to shear the beans; or else in an electric coffee grinder which uses blunt blades to smash the beans at a high speed. The type of grind used is frequently named for the method of brewing. For example, Turkish grind coffee is the finest grind; espresso is a fine-to-medium grind; and French grind is the coarsest. The grind which most home coffee brewing machines use is a medium grind. There are lots of methods for brewing coffee: it can be steeped, boiled, or pressured. The boiling method is the traditional way which has been used for centuries, and Turkish coffee is brewed in this fashion. Turkish coffee is made by pounding the coffee beans to a fine powder using a mortar and pestle, and then this powder is added to water and boiled in a pot known as a cezve (briki in Greek). Turkish coffee has a strong taste and usually a foam layer on its surface.

Automatic coffeemaking machines and percolators employ gravity to brew coffee. Roasted and medium ground cheap bulk coffee beans are placed in a coffee filter made of perforated metal or paper, and hot water drips through the coffee grounds. As the water seeps through the grounds it absorbs the essences and oils of the coffee. The gravity flow moves the liquid down into a pot or carafe and leaves the spent coffee grounds in the filter above. In a coffee percolator the boiling water creates a pressure which forces water into a chamber located above the filter. Then gravity pulls the water down through the grounds in the filter. This process continues cyclically until a timer shuts it off. Typically a thermostat is used to turn the heat off when the percolator attains a certain temperature. The thermostat also turns the heat on again when the pot cools down (however the filter containing the grounds must removed to prevent additional brewing when the pot reheats). Gourmets tend to eschew coffee which has been reboiled.

A bean coffee company brews French grind by steeping it in a French press, or cafetiere. The ground coffee is combined with hot water in the coffee press and allowed to brew for several minutes. Then a plunger is depressed which pushes the coffee grounds to the bottom of the press. Since the coffee grounds are contacting the water directly, the aromatic oils in the coffee remain in the drink, making for a strong beverage with more sediment left in the coffee than an automatic coffee machine leaves. An espresso coffee maker forces hot (but not boiling) water under 10 atmospheres’ pressure through the finely ground coffee powder. This high pressure brewing produces a more concentrated beverage than gravity methods, containing as much as ten or fifteen times more coffee in the water. Espresso has a reddish brown foam known as crema which floats on top of the surface. Americano espresso is cut with water to make it less strong, the way Americans prefer it.

Espresso coffee made from fresh roasted coffee beans can be served in a wide variety of ways. It can be served black in small demitasse cups; or watered down in the Americano style in which a shot of espresso is placed in the cup and hot water poured over it. Adding steamed milk to espresso brewed from roasted cheap bulk coffee beans makes caf latte. A popular bean coffee company treat is cappuccino, made with foamed milk.

Author: Alice Lane
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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Greek coffee (“Ellinikos Kafes”) is one of the simplest ways to make coffee. It is also known as Turkish coffee. Coffee has a very old history…

It traveled to Turkey from Yemen and from Turkey it became known in Greece. It became so popular that people started calling it “Greek coffee” instead of Turkish (or Arabic) coffee.

Differences

Usually Greek coffee gets roasted lighter than traditional Turkish coffee.

Another difference is that Greeks rarely add spices to their coffee.

How to make Greek coffee

The basic ingredient needed for a delicious Greek coffee is fresh roasted coffee, ground to an extra fine coffee powder (finer than espresso). You can also grind you own coffee beans using a traditional Greek coffee grinder or a modern high quality burr grinder.

Like Turkish coffee in order to make Greek coffee you basically bring a mixture of water and ground coffee almost to boil. Although Turkish people boil their coffee usually 3-4 times Greeks prefer boiling it 1-3 times.

The blends used to make Greek coffee have usually a high percentage of Brazilian coffees, and also some Robusta or a “secret” ingredient to add some more flavour (Colombian coffee, Ethiopia Harrar or Yemen Mocha).

In order to make Greek coffee we need a coffee pot known as briki in Greece. This special Greek coffee pot has a characteristic narrow top which facilitates the correct slow brewing of Turkish coffee and the forming of the famous “kaimaki”, which is basically the crema-froth on top of the coffee.

Traditionally these pots were made of copper or brass, but nowadays they are mass produced using stainless steel which is more durable. (I still prefer the brass ibriks for lots of reasons…). Use the proper size coffee pot to make better coffee and better froth. If you are going to make two demitasse cups of coffee use a 2-cups size coffee pot. If you use a much larger sized pot, crema forming will be much harder.

For one cup of coffee, fill the coffee pot with one demitasse cup of cold water, 1-2 teaspoons of Greek coffee, sugar to taste, and then put the pot on low fire. It is very important to use low fire and cold water to extract more flavor from the coffee. Use a gas stove-top or preferably a traditional tabletop burner.

Once the mixture comes almost to a boil and the foam covers the top, pour it into a demitasse cup slowly. You must do this slowly in order to retain the crema layer (froth) on top. If you fail to remove the coffee pot from fire on time, the coffee mixture will foam up quickly and it will get spilled everywhere! Be careful to not let this happen!

Small tip if you want to make two cups or more

There is an old trick used to maximize the froth on top of every demitasse cup, which basically involves taking the froth with a teaspoon from the coffee pot and then adding it to each demitasse cup, before pouring the coffee.

Serving

Traditionally the coffee is served using decorative discs, in small demitasse cups made of fine porcelain.

You can also pair Greek coffee with a nice desert like cookies (“koulourakia”), “halva” or “baklava”.

Things to notice

Some people bring the coffee to boil only once. Other people prefer twice and there are also some people who argue that bringing the coffee to boil three times is the absolute minimum.

Another point of argument is the stirring. Some people stir coffee, water and sugar only in the beginning and some other stir continuously till the end to make more froth.

Personal opinion

I prefer to stir the coffee continuously till the end and I also let it foam up twice.

“Why?” you may ask. It is just my taste! You can experiment and find what you like best.

What’s most important is the freshness and the quality of your Greek coffee.

Karolos Tsiligirian is the author of the “Fresh Coffee Encyclopedia” and the owner of FreshCoffeeShop.com & CoffeeEbooks.com

Author: Karolos Tsiligirian
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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